Tire.



J. A. BOWDEN.

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 5, 1908.

Patented Aug. 24;. 1909.

with the rubber or it mum-s A. BQWDEN, OF L08 ANGELES, GAILIFORNIA-TIRE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 24, 19699.

Application filed December S, 1908. Serial No. $66,178.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUNIUs A. Bowman, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of,California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Tires, of whichthe folh wing is a specificatlom Thls'lnvention relates to tires inwhich a stud is arranged in the tread thereof which stud may or may notbe detachable, and the object of the invention is to provide means formore securely retaining the stud or stud holding means in place.

In the preferred form the stud is of metal and is riveted or interlockedin the tire and in this form my invention will apply directly to thestud and more securely hold the same than by any method heretoforeknown. I

In another form of the invention the stud is detachably retained in areceptacle which receptacle is retained permanently in the tire, and inthat form this invention will more securely retain the receptacle th nwould the mere interlocking of the receptacle Y eing vulcanized thereto.I

Further objects of the invention-are to attain the foregoing results bysimple and inexpensive means of great durability and strength.

Referring to the drawings F1gure 1 1s a cross sectlonal View throughatire, showing my invention as used with one form of said stud and studattaching means. similar view showing my invention as employed withanother form of stud in which the stud receptacle is dispensed with.Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the dctachable stud shown inFig. 1. Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partly in section, on a largescale, of the stud receptacle. Fig. 5 is a perspectiveview of one-formof anchor plate. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the stud employed inFig. 2. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of another form o anchor plate.

Referring to the form shown in Fig. 1, 1 designates the body of the tirewhich is of the usual construction. Embedded in the tire I is a metalreceptacle 2. This receptacle is formed with. a reduced neck portion 3thus leaving an annular groove 4. T he lower wall 5 of the groove 4 isinclined or dished inwardly and dorniwardly, as indicated in Fig. 1,thus giving a dove-tailed section which in terlocks with the tire. Themainvbody of the Fig. 2 is a tire 1 may enter this dove-tailed groove orthe receptacle may be vulcanized in place by. first cleaning thereceptacle with an acid, then applying a cement, and then windingthreads 6 in the groove and vulcanizing the threads to the cement and tothe rubber bod of the tire. This produces a perfec vucanized unionbetween the metal and the body 'of the tire, and the dove-tailedconstruction of the groove forms a mechanical interlock which tends toretain the filling material Within the groove even when the re ceptacleis. exposed to an extreme strain ter ding to dislodge it.

The bottom of the receptacle 2 is sunken, as at 7, and is centrallyperforated, as at 8, to receive rongs 9 which project up from an anchorisk or plate 10. The prongs 9 may be struck up from the disk 10, asindicated in Fig. 5, or they maybe bent up from the edge of the disk, asin Fig. 7. The upper ends of the prongs 9 or 16 are, bent over the nneredge of the sunken portion 7, as. clearly shown in Fig. 1, therebymechanically look ing the receptacle in place, the length of the prongsbeing suflicient to give considerable space between the anchor 10 andbottom of the receptacle 2, which intervening space is filled by cotton,canvas, and rubber or other material forming the body of the tire andthe anchor plate itself is firmly held in position.

In constructing the limit should be understood that the anchor plate 10will first be built into the tire, the various anchor plates beingplaced in position as the tire is being built up. After the anchorplates are in po ition and the tire has'been built above the disk, theupper parts of the prongs 9- will stillproject and them-the receptacles2 are placed in position and the prongs pass into them and are bent overthe bottom edge around the perforation.

After the receptacle 2 is secured in place and the tire cured, it isfilled with a rubber stud 11, shown in detail in Fig. 3. The stud ll hasan annular groove 12 also dove-tailed in section to fit the neck 3 ofthe receptacle,' and the rubber stud is securely locked in the 'l-:'.'

receptacle by the mechanical engagement therein, the dove-tailconstruction being such that the stud is much more securely held againstdislodgement then otherwise. The anchor plate may also'serve to actdirectly upon the stud to more securely hold it in place, onemanner'inwhich it maybe so utilized being indicated in 2 in which 13'designates the stud which in this case will preferably be of metal andwhich is vulcanized in the tire through the medium of threads 14 in amanner similar to that in which the receptacle 2 is vulcanized, althoughthe stud 13 maybe merely mechanically inter locked with the tire orsimply cemented thereitito. The stud 13 has a lower flange 15 which isengaged by prongs 16 which project up from the anchor plate-17, thelatter being embedded beneath canvas and rubberand vulcanized in thebody; of the tire. In this formthe prongs 16 lie closer to the periphery1 5 of the disk 17 on account of the greater diameter of the flange '15.In this form it will be noted that even though the stud 13 is securelyheld in place by the interlocking action of the body of the tire itssecurity is greatly increased by its being mechanically interlocked withthe clencher prongs 16 which are I securely anchored in the tire bymeans of the anchor plate 17. It ispractically impossible toaccidentally dislodge a stud when thus secured in the tire.

In tires heretofore constructed with metal studs arranged in the treadportion, the presence of the studs has necessitated perforations in the.canvas, or other material, intervening between the head of the stud andits base, which perforations greatly weaken the canvasor otherintervening material, and, therefore, not only is the stud less securelyheld but the tire itself is weakened. In my construction the anchorplate is located below the canvas and the small prongs lfrom the anchorplate project up etween the threads of the canvas and thus the canvasisnot weakenedas the threads thereof are not cut or destroyed to anyappreciable extent.

Heretoforea' common method of securing metal rivets in the tir'e hasbeen to construct the base ofthe stud in the form of a washer which isriveted thereto, and in practice with such construction it has beenfound that the stud works loose where riveted to the washer, and forthat reason a stud consisting of a sane s9 is referable. The anchorplate as interloc ed with the bottom of a stud has much greater holdingstrength than a rivet. In eneral, the ob ection to metal studs heretoorehas been that they pull out of the tire on account of the limitedamountof canvas, between the head of the stud and the bottom. Suchobjection is overcome in my invention by employing the anchor platewhich firmly secures each stud in place.

What I claim is: 1. In a tire, a stud in the tread portion thereof, saidstud comprising a head external of the tire and having a neck connectingthe head -with a flanged base embedded in prising a disk embedded in thetire below the which project up and are bent over the edge of the flangeof the stud for more securely holding the stud.

2. In a tire, a one piece stud embedded in the tread portion thereof, ananchor plate intervening tire material between the anchor late and stud,and means of connection etween the anchor plateand the bottom part ofthes'tud.

3. In a tire, a stud having a flanged bottom embedded in the treadportion thereof, an anchor plate embedded in the tire below vening tirematerial between the anchor plate and stud, and means of connectionbetween the anchor plate and the flanged bottom of the stud, saidconnection means comprising relatively slender connections of greattensile strength which pass throu h thecanvas or other interveningmaterial without appreciably weakening the same.

In testlmony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at LosAngeles,California, this 30th day of- November, 1908.--

' "'JUNIUS A. BOVVDEN. In'presence of G. T. HAOKLEI,

FRANK L. A. GRAHAM.

single piece of metal, as in my construction,

i the tread of the tire, an anchor plate comembedded in the tire belowthestud with base of the stud and having clencher prongs the flangedbottom of the stud with inter-

